Minimum center-to-center spacing perpendicular to load direction p 2 ( p 2 = 2.4 d 0) Minimum center-to-center spacing along load direction p 1 ( p 1 = 2.2 d 0) Minimum edge distance perpendicular to load direction e 2 ( e 2 = 1.2 d 0) Minimum end distance along load direction e 1 ( e 1 = 1.2 d 0) Minimum end distance, edge distance, and spacing for bolt fasteners according to EN Table 3.3 (rounded up to nearest mm) Punching resistance per mm of plate thickness under bolt or nut B p,Rd / t p Shear resistance per shear plane F v,Rd īearing resistance per mm of connected plate thickness F v,Rd / t (for e 1≥3 d 0, e 2≥1.5 d 0, p 1≥3.75 d 0, p 2≥3 d 0) Design properties for metric hex bolts (Typical coarse pitch thread)
